The inner ear is supplied by the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) and contains the sense organs for hearing and balance. It consists of the osseous labyrinth (consisting of the vestibule, semicircular canals, and cochlea), which contains the membranous labyrinth. For balance, the utricle and saccule located in the vestibule and are responsible for static equilibrium, while the semicircular ducts in the canals are concerned with … Continue reading Inner ear

The tympanic membrane (eardrum) divides the outer and middle ear. It is inserted into the groove in the bony portion of the external auditory meatus and slanted so that the anteroinferior part is more medial. Most of it is taut (pars tensa), other than its upper part that is thin and loose (pars flaccida). The handle of the malleus is attached to its medial surface … Continue reading Tympanic membrane

The middle ear (typmanic cavity) is a hollowed-out space in the petrous temporal bone. Primarily, its function is to transmit vibrations of the tympanic membrane via the ossicles to the inner ear. It is supplied by branches of the internal carotid and maxillary arteries, whilst innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve through the tympanic plexus. Boundaries of the middle ear Its roof is a plate of … Continue reading Middle ear